Whale Optimization Algorithm Based ATC Enhancement by Installing FACTS and Wind Generators in Deregulated Power System

Abstract

The assessment and enhancement of the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) for Transmission Companies (TRANSCOs) is considered to a significant exercise in the marketing process of deregulated power system. The determination of value of ATC serves to operate the system efficiently in reliable and secure conditions. The integration of wind energy sources,particularly due to environmental concerns, the grid receives significant attention among market participants. The speed of the wind and its air density severely influence the characteristics of wind as it is intermittent in nature. Its dynamic aspecthas some impact on the estimation of ATC value of the system.  Hence, it is essential to sense the wind speed and other factors in order to have a rigorous value for ATC. The primary focus of this work is to evaluate the performance of ATC and the voltage profile of the TRANSCOs participating in the day-ahead dynamic electricity market by considering various benefit margins. It has been accomplished by the combined operation of optimal placement of STATCOM and renewable sources of wind generators. The wind generators and STATCOM are effectively supplying the real and reactive power into the system, enhancing the characteristics of voltage profile and value of ATC. An AC power flow method blended with a novel whale optimization algorithm is employed for tuning the proposed system parameters and identifying the optimal location and size of both STATCOM and wind generators.  Since benefit margins are treated as essential components for improving the reliability of TRANSCOs, it also been included while attempting to improve the value of ATC in a dynamic market. To validate the ingenuity of the devised strategy, it is rigorously tested on a modified IEEE 39 bus system over24-hour time period. The simulation experiment on MATLAB reveals that the suggested technique provides better outcomes when compared with the existing algorithm.