Biodiesel Standards and Quality Testing: A Review

Abstract

As biodiesel expands to be a viable alternative fuel to traditional petroleum-based fuels, many forward-looking companies are starting to produce and distribute it. Biodiesel produced from different feedstocks such as rapeseed and soybean waste vegetable oils have different properties. Quality and consistency of the finished product is of major concern because of the variety of production techniques and feedstocks. Standards are of high significance for producers, suppliers and users of biodiesel for the assessment of safety, risks and environmental pollution. Standardization of biodiesel is important so that engine manufacturers have reference fuels for engine systems development. Furthermore, standards play a vital role in warranty issues and regulatory compliance. International ASTM D6751 and National SANS 342 standards specify the minimum biodiesel quality requirements and the National Biodiesel Accreditation Committee (USA) has a BQ-9000 certification programme for manufacturers who maintain ASTM D6751 standards. Meeting quality control standards for biodiesel products supports their use, storage, blending and marketing of products, ensuring their acceptance and success in the marketplace. This paper examines standards for biodiesel, biodiesel specifications, physical and chemical properties.