Heat Generation Effects on Couple Stress Fluid over a Deformable Surface with Aluminium Alloy Nanoparticles

Abstract

In the current research, a mathematical analysis of couple stress fluid flow and heat characteristics through a deformable surface with hybrid nanoparticles and heat generation effects is conducted. The solid nanoparticles of the aluminium alloys (AA7072 and AA7075) are suspended in methanol to create the hybrid nanofluid. The similarity approach is used to reduce the governing equations into the similarity equations. Then, MATLAB's bvp4c function is employed to solve the resulting equations. The solutions for the flow and temperature fields, as well as the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are presented in table and graphical forms. The results demonstrate that hybrid nanofluids excel as thermal conductors, significantly augmenting the heat transfer rate. The heat transfer rate is increased by 0.78% with 2% of added hybrid nanoparticles if compared to the base fluid. Furthermore, the heat generation contributes to the enhancement of the fluid temperature by thickening the thermal boundary layer. This led to the reduction of the heat transfer rate of the hybrid nanofluid.