A Study of Authentication and Privacy-Preserving Schemes for Vehicular Networks

Abstract

Vehicular networks (VNs) enhance vehicle efficiency, passenger safety, and comfort by communicating traffic and infotainment information. Their acceptance hinges on message speed, accuracy, privacy, and safety. Vehicle authentication ensures communication accuracy, necessitating an effective privacy-preserving system. Security and privacy concerns must be addressed within the communication protocol architecture. Despite the development of various privacy-preserving authentication systems, many methods do not fully resolve threats, vulnerabilities, computing costs, and communication issues. This survey focuses on cryptographic techniques, including symmetric key cryptography, public key cryptography, identity-based cryptography, pseudonym-based cryptography, group and ring signature-based schemes, and blockchain-based schemes, for authentication and privacy in VNs. The analysis reveals reliance on opaque trusted authorities and significant computational overhead, impacting message delivery. Further improvements in lightweight, efficient authentication systems are needed.