Design and Optimization of Dual Band Millimeter Wave MIMO Antenna for Next Generation 5G/6G Wireless Systems

Abstract

This research introduces the design and optimization of a dual-band millimeter-wave Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna intended for next generation 5G and 6G wireless systems. Initially, a single antenna operating at 38GHz was designed using RT/duroid 5880LZ substrate material with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and dimensions of 1.7x1.9x0.8mm³. A MIMO antenna with a four-element array was then developed by positioning each individual antenna a distance of λ/4 apart. To achieve dual-band functionality and improve antenna performance, the ground plane was modified with an outset rectangular split ring slot defected ground structure (ORSRSDGS). The designed millimeter-wave MIMO antenna successfully operates at two frequency bands, 28GHz and 38GHz, exhibiting return losses of -24.8dB and -38.7dB, and providing satisfactory bandwidths of 2GHz and 3.6GHz, respectively. Key parameters of the proposed MIMO antenna design were thoroughly investigated. Characteristics such as overall mutual coupling coefficients (MCC), envelope correlation coefficients (ECC), total peak gain (TPG), diversity gain (DG), size reduction, and radiation pattern performance were all verified. The results indicate that the designed millimeter-wave MIMO antenna is highly suitable for use in 5G and 6G wireless systems.