Phytochemical Content, GC-MS Analysis, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Efficacy of Methanolic Extract from Clove Flower Buds (Eugenia Caryophyllus)

Abstract

Plant-derived pharmacologically active compounds have become significant in the food and pharmaceutical sectors. The objective of this work is to identify and examine the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of the phytochemicals found in the crude extract of Eugenia caryophyllus flower buds. The antioxidant activity of the methanol, acetone, and chloroform extracts was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. The methanol extract demonstrated superior radical scavenging efficacy compared to the other chosen solvents. A preliminary screening of phytochemicals was conducted on the methanol extract, revealing a significant total phenol concentration. The antibacterial activity was assessed using a well diffusion experiment, revealing that the methanol extract was efficient against Klebsiella pneumoniae. GC-MS analyses reveal the existence of aromatic chemicals, with eugenol and eugenyl acetate identified as the primary constituents. The findings of this study suggest that Eugenia caryophyllus flower bud extract may be regarded as a health nutrient in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.