Design and Analysis of a Dual Band Printed Antenna for V2X, HiperLAN2 and Other Wireless Applications

Abstract

A compact and novel microstrip patch antenna showing dual band characteristics is presented in this paper. Proposed antenna resonating over two different frequencies 4.56 GHz and 5.66 GHz ranging from 4.15 GHz to 5.05 GHz and 5.40 GHz to 6.24 GHz respectively. Antenna is simulated and fabricated on FR-4 substrate

having dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness 1.6 mm, selected because of its low cost. Antenna dimensions L_Sub and W_Sub are 21 mm and 15 mm respectively. Antenna consists of a complex patch geometry and a partial ground plane incorporating an equilateral triangular slot with 2 mm side. This triangular slot in the ground plane significantly improves impedance matching and enhances bandwidth. Lower band (4.15 GHz to 5.05 GHz) is useful for C-band, generally used for satellite communications and industrial applications. Second frequency band (5.40 GHz to 6.24 GHz) involves the Wi-Fi 6E, Fixed Wireless Access and Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) which are used primarily for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications and V2X, HiperLAN2 (5.47–5.72 GHz) communication spectrum. Antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns and suitable gain across both bands. The proposed antenna is compact and can be integrated into modern communication devices. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software is used to create, optimize, and simulate the proposed antenna.