Performance Energy Analysis of Recycled Fiber (RFMs) Materials for Insulating Building Envelopes in Hot and Dry Climates

Abstract

Reducing heating and cooling consumption by improving the thermal efficiency of building envelopes is crucial, especially in hot and dry climates like Algeria. This research aimed to develop sustainable, innovative thermal insulation systems using recycled fiber materials (RFMs) to enhance thermal comfort and mitigate environmental impact. This work incorporated recycled polystyrene, fiber wool, and cellulose into insulators, evaluating their thermal characteristics, energy efficiency, and indoor comfort levels using both experimental and numerical methods. Results indicate that RFMs offer viable alternatives to traditional insulators by effectively stabilizing interior temperatures and significantly reducing energy demand. Specifically, insulation utilizing recycled fiber wool achieved a 56% decrease in energy consumption, compared to 65% for cellulose and 50% for polystyrene, confirming their efficacy. While these thermal and energy-saving results align with scientific literature, the material's fire resistance and Lifecycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) showed limitations. Nevertheless, the superior insulation performance confirms the viability of recycled fiber composites for use in External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) in Algerian buildings. Key sustainability benefits include reduced landfill waste and low embodied energy.