A Transition from basic Micro Grid to Optimization Techniques based on Energy Management System: An Analytical Review

Abstract

The renewable resources are also utilized to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and as well as encourage the improvement of sustainable development. These energy systems are consolidated into microgrids by using various technological solutions to verify distributed generation facilities and customer communication in an optimal way. Microgrids are localized energy systems that integrate with renewable energy resources to increase energy reliability, economic efficiency, and sustainability. Energy management in microgrids introduces the control system and information that provides the assurance of energy production and distribution at the lowest price. This study emphasizes various optimization techniques, problem-solving methods, and simulation tools used for freestanding and connected microgrids. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of current energy management strategies in microgrids, examines the role of emerging technologies, and discusses the challenges and future directions in these respective fields.