Development of a Wearable Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Biomedical Communication

Abstract

Wearable biomedical devices require compact and reliable antennas that can operate efficiently when placed close to the human body. The objective of this study is to design and develop a wearable microstrip patch antenna for short-range wireless communication in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. The antenna was fabricated on a low-cost FR-4 substrate and designed using standard microstrip antenna theory, followed by simulation and optimization in the CST Studio Suite. The methodology involves calculating the patch dimensions, optimizing the feed position for proper impedance matching, and analyzing key performance parameters, such as the return loss, radiation pattern, and gain. The simulation results indicate that the antenna resonates at 2.34 GHz with a minimum return loss of –51 dB, demonstrating excellent impedance matching and stable radiation characteristics suitable for biomedical communication. Overall, the proposed antenna design provides a simple, cost-effective, and efficient solution for wearable healthcare monitoring.