A Survey on the State-of-the-Art of Human Occupancy Detection Systems

Abstract

This study aims to examine the latest advancements in human occupancy detection systems thoroughly. The primary objective is to investigate the potential of state-of-the-art technologies to improve energy efficiency and enhance comfort and security in buildings and transportation. It focuses on various sensing technologies, including camera-based, passive infrared, and ultrasonic systems, outlining their advantages, limitations, and suitability for different scenarios. Real-world applications of occupancy detection systems are discussed, highlighting their benefits and challenges. The review identifies the gaps and suggests future research directions by analysing articles published between 2010 and 2023. It aims to offer valuable insights into the current state of occupancy detection systems, assisting researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in system selection, design, and evaluation for various scenarios.